Solar Energy Wiki topic
Grid
Utility connection, export, and distributed energy systems.
41 published concepts
Evidence through 2026-05-29 · 11 members have no source-event date
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Starting points
Begin with these concepts
- Solar-storage islanding
Solar-storage islanding is an intentional operating mode in which approved equipment isolates selected local loads from the utility grid and supplies them from local generation or storage.
- Grid interconnection
Grid interconnection is the technical and administrative process for connecting a customer energy system to an electric utility distribution system under applicable requirements.
- Permission to operate
Permission to operate is a utility's authorization for an interconnected customer system to begin operating under the utility's stated conditions after required project steps are complete.
Published directory
All grid concepts
41 total
- Solar-storage islanding
Solar-storage islanding is an intentional operating mode in which approved equipment isolates selected local loads from the utility grid and supplies them from local generation or storage.
GS-CONCEPT-053 - Grid interconnection
Grid interconnection is the technical and administrative process for connecting a customer energy system to an electric utility distribution system under applicable requirements.
GS-CONCEPT-054 - Interconnection agreement
An interconnection agreement is the controlling agreement between the system owner or customer and the utility for an approved connection and its operating conditions.
GS-CONCEPT-055 - Permission to operate
Permission to operate is a utility's authorization for an interconnected customer system to begin operating under the utility's stated conditions after required project steps are complete.
GS-CONCEPT-056 - Photovoltaic export limit
A photovoltaic export limit is a configured or contractual maximum on power delivered from a customer photovoltaic system to the utility grid.
GS-CONCEPT-057 - Non-export photovoltaic system
A non-export photovoltaic system is designed or controlled so electricity is not intentionally delivered from the customer site to the utility grid under the applicable interconnection arrangement.
GS-CONCEPT-058 - Distributed energy resource
A distributed energy resource is a comparatively small generation, storage, demand-response, efficiency, thermal-storage, or similar resource connected on a distribution system or behind a customer meter.
GS-CONCEPT-059 - Behind-the-meter generation
Behind-the-meter generation is electricity generation located on the customer side of the utility billing meter or other defined customer-grid boundary.
GS-CONCEPT-060 - Point of common coupling
The point of common coupling is the point where an SDG&E customer generation facility connects to the utility's distribution system as defined by Electric Rule 21.
GS-CONCEPT-185 - Point of interconnection
The point of interconnection is the physical point where a generating facility connects to the SDG&E distribution system under the Rule 21 definition.
GS-CONCEPT-186 - Utility interconnection facilities
Utility interconnection facilities are the facilities used to interconnect a generating facility under Rule 21, which may be integral to or separate from that facility.
GS-CONCEPT-187 - Utility distribution system
The utility distribution system is the portion of SDG&E's electric system used to distribute electricity as defined by Electric Rule 21.
GS-CONCEPT-188 - Nominal operating voltage
Nominal operating voltage is an editorial compound label used here to discuss Rule 21's defined term Nominal; it is not itself a defined Rule 21 tariff term.
GS-CONCEPT-189 - Voltage regulation
Voltage regulation is the reliability function of maintaining voltage within an acceptable range on an electric power system, as described in FERC's Reliability Primer.
GS-CONCEPT-190 - Reactive power
Reactive power is the portion of electricity that establishes and sustains the electric and magnetic fields of alternating-current equipment.
GS-CONCEPT-191 - Power factor
Power factor is the ratio of real power in kilowatts to apparent power in kilovolt-amperes for a given load and time.
GS-CONCEPT-192 - Volt-VAR control
Volt-VAR control is a smart-inverter control represented by a curve relating voltage and reactive-power settings in NREL's described study.
GS-CONCEPT-193 - Volt-Watt control
Volt-Watt control is a smart-inverter control represented by a curve relating voltage and real-power settings in NREL's described study.
GS-CONCEPT-194 - Frequency-Watt control
Frequency-Watt control is a real-power-versus-frequency curve described in NREL's technical report.
GS-CONCEPT-195 - Ride-through capability
Ride-through capability describes a DER capability for voltage or frequency abnormal conditions in NREL's technical report.
GS-CONCEPT-196 - Anti-islanding protection
Anti-islanding protection is the Rule 21 tariff concept addressing an unintentional island, without establishing compliance for any specific device.
GS-CONCEPT-197 - Smart-inverter function profile
Smart-inverter function profile is GeoStellar's editorial grouping for the function-related settings listed in SDG&E Rule 21 Table Hh-4; it is not a Rule 21-defined national profile.
GS-CONCEPT-198 - Smart-inverter commissioning settings
Smart-inverter commissioning settings is GeoStellar's editorial term for applicable settings verified through the Rule 21 commissioning-testing process.
GS-CONCEPT-199 - Interconnection application
An interconnection application is the Rule 21 application and interconnection request that starts the utility's review process.
GS-CONCEPT-200 - Interconnection study
An interconnection study is a Rule 21 process for evaluating distribution-system impacts, facilities, and upgrades for an interconnection request.
GS-CONCEPT-201 - Hosting capacity
Hosting capacity is planning information from integration-capacity analysis, which Resolution E-5440 addresses through utility remediation plans and baseline reporting.
GS-CONCEPT-202 - Export control mode
Export control mode is an interconnection configuration that uses Rule 21 non-export or limited-generation-profile options to constrain grid export.
GS-CONCEPT-203 - Smart meter
A smart meter is commonly discussed within EIA's advanced-metering range, from basic hourly interval meters to real-time meters with two-way communication.
GS-CONCEPT-204 - Advanced metering infrastructure
Advanced metering infrastructure is a utility-reported technology category in EIA-861 Schedule 6D.
GS-CONCEPT-205 - Interval meter
In SDG&E Rule 1, an interval meter records usage in 15-minute-or-less intervals for that tariff definition.
GS-CONCEPT-206 - Net load
In EIA's battery-storage analysis, net load is system load minus nondispatchable wind and solar generation within that analysis boundary.
GS-CONCEPT-207 - Household load profile
A household load profile is an hourly or subhourly time series of electric-load values in kilowatts for a building.
GS-CONCEPT-208 - Load control
Direct load control is EIA's narrow demand-side-management category in which utility system-operator control can interrupt consumer load at annual peak.
GS-CONCEPT-209 - Demand response
Demand response programs involve temporary changes or reductions in electricity use in response to conditions or incentives.
GS-CONCEPT-210 - Distributed energy resource provider
A Distributed Energy Resource Provider is an entity authorized by a DER Aggregator to act on its behalf in CAISO markets.
GS-CONCEPT-211 - Distributed energy resource aggregation
A Distributed Energy Resource Aggregation is a group of distributed energy resources represented in CAISO markets by a DER Aggregator.
GS-CONCEPT-212 - Ancillary service
FERC says ancillary services help keep the grid stable and resilient by maintaining frequency, reducing voltage fluctuations, helping prevent outages, and responding to sudden changes.
GS-CONCEPT-213 - Frequency regulation service
Frequency regulation service uses automatic short-term changes in output or demand in response to balancing-authority signals.
GS-CONCEPT-214 - Voltage support
Voltage support uses generator reactive-power production to maintain transmission-system voltages within required ranges.
GS-CONCEPT-215 - Critical peak pricing
Critical peak pricing uses higher prices during a limited number of critical hours.
GS-CONCEPT-216 - Real-time pricing
Real-time pricing uses prices that reflect immediate costs and change frequently.
GS-CONCEPT-217
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