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250 concepts · 176 concept relationships · counts derived from the ontology registry

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Published concepts 71

  • A residential photovoltaic system is a set of photovoltaic modules and supporting electrical equipment configured to supply electricity for a home.

    GS-CONCEPT-003 · Technology · Source event date unavailable

  • A photovoltaic module is an assembly of connected photovoltaic cells that produces direct-current electricity from sunlight.

    GS-CONCEPT-004 · Technology · Source event date unavailable

  • A solar inverter is equipment that converts direct-current electricity from a photovoltaic system into alternating-current electricity.

    GS-CONCEPT-005 · Technology · Source event date unavailable

  • Solar battery storage stores electricity associated with a solar energy system for use at another time.

    GS-CONCEPT-006 · Technology · Source event date unavailable
  • Solar arrayPublished

    A solar array is an electrically connected group of photovoltaic modules configured to operate as part of one photovoltaic system.

    GS-CONCEPT-022 · Technology · Source event as of September 1, 2014

  • A roof-mounted photovoltaic system is a photovoltaic system whose module array and mounting structure are installed on a building roof.

    GS-CONCEPT-023 · Technology · Source event as of May 15, 2026

  • A ground-mounted photovoltaic system supports a photovoltaic array on a structure anchored to the ground rather than to a roof.

    GS-CONCEPT-024 · Technology · Source event date unavailable

  • A string inverter converts direct-current electricity from one or more series-connected groups of photovoltaic modules into alternating-current electricity.

    GS-CONCEPT-025 · Technology · Source event as of March 31, 2025
  • MicroinverterPublished

    A microinverter is an inverter installed at an individual photovoltaic module to convert that module's direct-current output into alternating current.

    GS-CONCEPT-026 · Technology · Source event date unavailable

  • Building-integrated photovoltaics are photovoltaic materials or products that also perform a building-envelope function such as roofing, glazing, or facade cladding.

    GS-CONCEPT-027 · Technology · Source event date unavailable

  • A photovoltaic racking system is the structural mounting assembly that supports and positions photovoltaic modules on a roof, the ground, or another structure.

    GS-CONCEPT-028 · Technology · Source event date unavailable

  • A smart solar inverter is an inverter with communication and grid-support functions in addition to direct-current to alternating-current conversion.

    GS-CONCEPT-029 · Technology · Source event date unavailable

  • An electrical service panel upgrade replaces or modifies service equipment so the electrical installation can meet the requirements of the proposed work and applicable code.

    GS-CONCEPT-030 · Technology · Source event as of August 27, 2015

  • Photovoltaic system monitoring records or presents operating data from a photovoltaic system so performance and status can be reviewed over time.

    GS-CONCEPT-031 · Technology · Source event as of December 1, 2018

  • Residential backup power is electricity supplied to selected or whole-home loads when normal utility service is unavailable, using equipment configured for that operating mode.

    GS-CONCEPT-051 · Technology · Source event as of January 1, 2018

  • A critical loads panel is a distribution panel or designated load grouping arranged so selected circuits can be supplied by a backup power system.

    GS-CONCEPT-052 · Technology · Source event as of December 1, 2018

  • Solar-storage islanding is an intentional operating mode in which approved equipment isolates selected local loads from the utility grid and supplies them from local generation or storage.

    GS-CONCEPT-053 · Technology · Source event date unavailable

  • Photovoltaic system commissioning is the documented process of inspecting, testing, configuring, and confirming an installed system against defined design and operational requirements before handoff or operation.

    GS-CONCEPT-092 · Technology · Source event as of January 1, 2011

  • NREL documents DC power optimizers as module-level power electronics and lists module-level monitoring and troubleshooting as a supported capability.

    GS-CONCEPT-101 · Technology · Source event as of September 2017

  • NREL SAM describes a hybrid inverter as an inverter with inputs for both a photovoltaic array and battery.

    GS-CONCEPT-102 · Technology · Source event date unavailable

  • NREL SAM places a DC-connected battery on the DC side of a hybrid photovoltaic inverter.

    GS-CONCEPT-103 · Technology · Source event date unavailable

  • Morningstar identifies SunGuard as a solar battery charge controller.

    GS-CONCEPT-104 · Technology · Source event date unavailable

  • UL describes PV rapid-shutdown system equipment as equipment used with other PV-system equipment to perform rapid-shutdown functions.

    GS-CONCEPT-105 · Technology · Source event as of 2015

  • DOE lists combiner boxes as balance-of-system hardware.

    GS-CONCEPT-106 · Technology · Source event date unavailable

  • DOE lists disconnects as balance-of-system hardware.

    GS-CONCEPT-107 · Technology · Source event date unavailable

  • Enphase describes a dedicated AC disconnect switch located in series with a combined PV inverter circuit.

    GS-CONCEPT-108 · Technology · Source event date unavailable

  • NFPA's 2018 revision defines a PV source circuit as DC conductors between modules and from modules to DC combiners, electronic power converters, or a DC PV system disconnecting means.

    GS-CONCEPT-109 · Technology · Source event as of January 17, 2018

  • NFPA's 2018 revision defines a PV output circuit as DC conductors between PV source circuits and an inverter or DC utilization equipment.

    GS-CONCEPT-110 · Technology · Source event as of January 17, 2018

  • DOE's rack-mounted-systems guide describes mounting feet, struts, bolts, and attachments at roof penetrations.

    GS-CONCEPT-111 · Technology · Source event as of 2007

  • DOE's rack-mounted-systems guide discusses flashing where roof-mounted system penetrations are used.

    GS-CONCEPT-112 · Technology · Source event as of 2007

  • DOE identifies grounding as a safety feature to incorporate in photovoltaic-system equipment.

    GS-CONCEPT-113 · Technology · Source event date unavailable

  • NFPA's photovoltaic draft text describes identified devices used for bonding PV module frames.

    GS-CONCEPT-114 · Technology · Source event as of October 30, 2018

  • DOE identifies electrical conduits as part of its photovoltaic electrical-equipment considerations.

    GS-CONCEPT-115 · Technology · Source event date unavailable

  • DOE says a photovoltaic module is fitted with a junction box where ribbons connect to diodes.

    GS-CONCEPT-116 · Technology · Source event date unavailable

  • DOE says electrical cables from a module junction box convey the current produced by the module.

    GS-CONCEPT-117 · Technology · Source event date unavailable

  • DOE says metering energy generation for a solar photovoltaic system is important to operations and maintenance.

    GS-CONCEPT-118 · Technology · Source event date unavailable

  • DOE's PV monitoring diagram compares a production model with data measured from a production meter.

    GS-CONCEPT-119 · Technology · Source event date unavailable

  • DOE describes a solar-building prototype that interfaces with an adaptive battery management system.

    GS-CONCEPT-120 · Technology · Source event as of November 7, 2017

  • Photovoltaic operations and maintenance is a combined framework for operating and maintaining PV and energy-storage systems.

    GS-CONCEPT-218 · Technology · Source event as of December 21, 2018

  • Preventive maintenance is work scheduled in advance to prevent failures or reduce their likelihood.

    GS-CONCEPT-219 · Technology · Source event as of December 21, 2018

  • Corrective maintenance is work to repair or replace failed equipment.

    GS-CONCEPT-220 · Technology · Source event as of December 21, 2018

  • Condition-based maintenance uses data logger information to time preventive and corrective maintenance.

    GS-CONCEPT-221 · Technology · Source event as of December 2018

  • A solar maintenance plan is a system-specific O&M record that sets maintenance expectations, records, and contacts.

    GS-CONCEPT-222 · Technology · Source event as of December 2018

  • A solar maintenance log is a chronological record of commissioning, inspection, and O&M activity for a system.

    GS-CONCEPT-223 · Technology · Source event as of December 2018

  • Solar system documentation can include manuals, warranty information, contacts, monitoring information, diagrams, approvals, and performance benchmark data.

    GS-CONCEPT-224 · Technology · Source event as of May 15, 2025

  • A solar as-built drawing records the installed configuration within revision-controlled system documentation.

    GS-CONCEPT-225 · Technology · Source event as of December 2018

  • A solar single-line diagram is an electrical overview showing inverter arrangement and system electrical connections.

    GS-CONCEPT-226 · Technology · Source event as of May 15, 2025

  • A solar equipment datasheet records exact make, model, and electrical and physical specifications for major PV equipment.

    GS-CONCEPT-227 · Technology · Source event as of May 15, 2025

  • A solar operation manual provides equipment-specific operating procedures within O&M-plan documentation.

    GS-CONCEPT-228 · Technology · Source event as of December 2018

  • Solar warranty registration is a product-specific registration step whose effect on coverage must be disclosed when registration is a condition of warranty coverage or performance.

    GS-CONCEPT-229 · Technology · Source event as of December 31, 1975

  • A solar warranty claim follows the product warranty's stated procedure for obtaining performance of a warranty obligation.

    GS-CONCEPT-230 · Technology · Source event as of July 20, 2015

  • A solar service call is a recorded request for a qualified provider to evaluate a reported system condition under an O&M process.

    GS-CONCEPT-231 · Technology · Source event as of December 21, 2018

  • A solar fault code is a manufacturer-formatted alarm code or message used as diagnostic input during equipment maintenance.

    GS-CONCEPT-232 · Technology · Source event as of December 21, 2018

  • An inverter status indicator is an operational display signal, such as a production-meter reading or inverter-faceplate error message, that can be checked over time.

    GS-CONCEPT-233 · Technology · Source event as of May 20, 2026

  • A solar monitoring data gap is an absence of expected monitoring records that should be identified as a data-quality concern before a performance calculation is interpreted.

    GS-CONCEPT-234 · Technology · Source event as of December 21, 2018

  • A solar visual inspection is a structured observation of accessible PV components and visible site conditions in an O&M checklist.

    GS-CONCEPT-235 · Technology · Source event as of December 21, 2018

  • A solar thermal inspection uses infrared images to locate temperature variations in PV equipment.

    GS-CONCEPT-236 · Technology · Source event as of December 21, 2018

  • An insulation resistance test checks a PV circuit for an abnormal leakage path to ground.

    GS-CONCEPT-237 · Technology · Source event as of October 1, 2015

  • An I-V curve test traces DC-array electrical response to investigate array performance and possible faults.

    GS-CONCEPT-238 · Technology · Source event as of December 21, 2018

  • Ground-fault detection monitors for a possible unintended current path and related electrical hazard.

    GS-CONCEPT-239 · Technology · Source event as of January 1, 2016

  • Arc-fault detection evaluates electrical signals consistent with arcing against electrical noise for interruption decisions.

    GS-CONCEPT-240 · Technology · Source event as of June 1, 2011

  • A solar roof leak is a building-envelope concern recorded alongside the PV system when water entry is observed near a solar installation.

    GS-CONCEPT-241 · Technology · Source event as of December 21, 2018

  • Solar vegetation management is the site-maintenance review of vegetation that may affect PV access or shading conditions.

    GS-CONCEPT-242 · Technology · Source event as of December 21, 2018

  • Solar module cleaning is an O&M consideration that evaluates soiling and operating context for a particular PV site.

    GS-CONCEPT-243 · Technology · Source event as of December 21, 2018

  • Solar snow management is the consideration of snow-related PV conditions within a site-specific O&M context.

    GS-CONCEPT-244 · Technology · Source event as of December 21, 2018

  • Solar pest damage is a documented observation of a site or equipment condition that may warrant system-specific maintenance review.

    GS-CONCEPT-245 · Technology · Source event as of December 21, 2018

  • Solar corrosion inspection is the review of corrosion-related conditions as an O&M concern across PV materials, environment, and components.

    GS-CONCEPT-246 · Technology · Source event date unavailable

  • Solar electrical connection inspection is qualified review of PV connectors, wiring, and supports for documented condition concerns.

    GS-CONCEPT-247 · Technology · Source event date unavailable

  • Solar inverter replacement is a documented, system-specific O&M decision concerning an existing PV inverter.

    GS-CONCEPT-248 · Technology · Source event as of May 20, 2026

  • Solar module replacement is a documented corrective-maintenance decision for an existing PV system.

    GS-CONCEPT-249 · Technology · Source event as of December 21, 2018

  • Solar decommissioning is the planned transition at the end of a PV system's performance period.

    GS-CONCEPT-250 · Technology · Source event as of May 20, 2026
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